This indicator gauges the effectiveness of social insurance initiatives by analyzing the proportion of financial support received from these programs relative to the overall economic well-being of participating households. Welfare is comprehensively defined here as the total income or expenditures of these households, encompassing various dimensions of living standards. Social insurance encompasses a broad spectrum of programs, including contributory pensions for the elderly, disability benefits, and essential health services such as maternity leave and occupational injury compensations. By accounting for both direct recipients and those indirectly benefiting through family or community connections, this indicator provides valuable insights into the robustness of social support systems and their capacity to enhance the quality of life for vulnerable populations.
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