This vital health indicator reflects the number of deaths among children under one year of age, expressed per 1,000 live births, offering critical insight into the health and wellbeing of a population. It is derived from data collected during specific reference periods that differ between survey types; for Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), the period spans the past decade, while Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) typically assess a shorter timeframe of three to five years. The infant mortality rate serves not only as a barometer for healthcare quality and access but also highlights broader socio-economic conditions, maternal health, and the effectiveness of public health interventions. Monitoring trends in this rate can reveal progress or setbacks in child health initiatives, ultimately guiding policy and resource allocation to ensure healthier futures for newborns.
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