This indicator encompasses terrestrial and aquatic mammals, specifically excluding marine species such as whales and porpoises. It focuses on species classified as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which includes those deemed endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or inadequately documented. The health of these mammal populations is crucial for biodiversity, ecological balance, and the overall integrity of ecosystems. Monitoring these species provides insights into habitat degradation, climate change impacts, and the effectiveness of conservation efforts. A decline in their numbers alerts us to potential ecological crises, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions and sustainable resource management to safeguard their survival and that of the habitats they inhabit. Source: