This indicator quantifies the extent to which out-of-pocket health care costs exacerbate poverty among vulnerable households. Specifically, it assesses the share of individuals already living beneath the $2.15 per day threshold who are
further disadvantaged by necessary health expenditures, which can include direct payments for various types of care—ranging from routine check-ups to emergency treatments. By highlighting the
financial strain of health-related spending, this measure illustrates the intersection of health care access and economic stability. Understanding this relationship is crucial for policymakers, as it underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate financial barriers to health services and to support impoverished populations in maintaining their economic viability in the face of health emergencies.
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