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Research and development expenditure percentage of GDP

Gloss domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.Source:
#Flag
Country
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)Year
1
Israel
4.25%
2016
2
South Korea
4.23%
2016
3
Switzerland
3.37%
2015
4
Sweden
3.25%
2016
5
Japan
3.14%
2016
6
Austria
3.09%
2016
7
Germany
2.94%
2016
8
Denmark
2.87%
2016
9
Finland
2.75%
2016
10
United States
2.74%
2016
11
Belgium
2.49%
2016
12
France
2.25%
2016
13
Singapore
2.16%
2014
14
China
2.11%
2016
15
Iceland
2.08%
2016
16
Netherlands
2.03%
2016
17
Norway
2.03%
2016
18
Slovenia
2%
2016
19
Australia
1.92%
2015
20
United Kingdom
1.69%
2016
21
Czech Republic
1.68%
2016
22
Canada
1.53%
2017
23
Malaysia
1.3%
2015
24
Italy
1.29%
2016
25
Estonia
1.28%
2016
26
Brazil
1.27%
2016
27
Portugal
1.27%
2016
28
New Zealand
1.26%
2015
29
Luxembourg
1.24%
2016
30
Hungary
1.21%
2016
31
Spain
1.19%
2016
32
Republic of Ireland
1.18%
2016
33
Russia
1.1%
2016
34
Greece
1.01%
2016
35
Poland
0.97%
2016
36
United Arab Emirates
0.96%
2016
37
Serbia
0.93%
2017
38
Turkey
0.88%
2015
39
Faroe Islands
0.86%
2003
40
Lithuania
0.85%
2016
41
Croatia
0.85%
2016
42
Saudi Arabia
0.82%
2013
43
Hong Kong
0.8%
2017
44
South Africa
0.8%
2015
45
Slovakia
0.79%
2016
46
Kenya
0.79%
2010
47
Thailand
0.78%
2016
48
Bulgaria
0.78%
2016
49
Senegal
0.75%
2015
50
Morocco
0.71%
2010
51
Greenland
0.65%
2004
52
India
0.62%
2015
53
Egypt
0.61%
2017
54
Ethiopia
0.6%
2013
55
Tunisia
0.6%
2016
56
Malta
0.6%
2016
57
Belarus
0.59%
2017
58
Gabon
0.58%
2009
59
Botswana
0.54%
2013
60
Algeria
0.53%
2017
61
Argentina
0.53%
2016
62
Tanzania
0.53%
2013
63
Qatar
0.51%
2015
64
Cyprus
0.5%
2016
65
Mexico
0.49%
2016
66
Romania
0.48%
2016
67
Costa Rica
0.46%
2016
68
Ukraine
0.45%
2017
69
Latvia
0.44%
2016
70
Ecuador
0.44%
2014
71
Vietnam
0.44%
2015
72
Puerto Rico
0.43%
2015
73
Uruguay
0.41%
2016
74
American Samoa
0.39%
2006
75
Ghana
0.38%
2010
76
Montenegro
0.37%
2015
77
Chile
0.36%
2016
78
Republic of Macedonia
0.35%
2017
79
Cuba
0.35%
2016
80
Namibia
0.34%
2014
81
Mozambique
0.34%
2015
82
Jordan
0.33%
2016
83
Saint Lucia
0.33%
1999
84
Chad
0.32%
2016
85
Nepal
0.3%
2010
86
Moldova
0.3%
2017
87
Georgia
0.3%
2016
88
Sudan
0.3%
2005
89
Mali
0.29%
2017
90
Zambia
0.28%
2008
91
Togo
0.27%
2014
92
Swaziland
0.27%
2015
93
Guam
0.26%
2005
94
Iran
0.25%
2013
95
Pakistan
0.25%
2015
96
Colombia
0.24%
2017
97
Armenia
0.23%
2017
98
Burkina Faso
0.22%
2014
99
Oman
0.22%
2017
100
Seychelles
0.22%
2016
101
Bermuda
0.22%
2015
102
Nigeria
0.22%
2007
103
Bosnia and Herzegovina
0.2%
2017
104
Uzbekistan
0.19%
2017
105
Azerbaijan
0.19%
2017
106
Mauritius
0.18%
2012
107
Macao
0.17%
2017
108
Uganda
0.17%
2014
109
Myanmar
0.16%
2002
110
Bolivia
0.16%
2009
111
Albania
0.15%
2008
112
Paraguay
0.15%
2016
113
El Salvador
0.15%
2016
114
Kazakhstan
0.14%
2016
115
Philippines
0.14%
2013
116
Mongolia
0.13%
2017
117
Gambia
0.13%
2011
118
Burundi
0.12%
2011
119
Peru
0.12%
2017
120
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0.12%
2002
121
Venezuela
0.12%
2016
122
Cambodia
0.12%
2015
123
Tajikistan
0.12%
2017
124
Kyrgyzstan
0.11%
2017
125
Sri Lanka
0.11%
2015
126
Nicaragua
0.11%
2015
127
Bahrain
0.1%
2014
128
Trinidad and Tobago
0.09%
2016
129
Indonesia
0.08%
2013
130
Kuwait
0.08%
2017
131
Democratic Republic Of Congo
0.08%
2009
132
Cape Verde
0.07%
2011
133
Panama
0.06%
2013
134
Jamaica
0.06%
2002
135
Lesotho
0.05%
2015
136
Iraq
0.04%
2017
137
Monaco
0.04%
2005
138
Laos
0.04%
2002
139
Brunei
0.04%
2004
140
Papua New Guinea
0.03%
2016
141
Guatemala
0.03%
2015
142
Virgin Islands (US)
0.03%
2007
143
Honduras
0.01%
2015
144
Madagascar
0.01%
2017
145
Syria
0.01%
2015
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