| # | Flag | Country | Constitutional formConstitutional form | Head of stateHead of state | Basis of executive legitimacyBasis of executive legitimacy | Constitution, Head of state, ExecutiveConstitutional form, Head of state, Basis of executive legitimacy | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Panama | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 2 | Ivory Coast | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 3 | Chile | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 4 | Cameroon | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 5 | Turkmenistan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 6 | Colombia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 7 | Costa Rica | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 8 | Tajikistan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 9 | Cyprus | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 10 | Djibouti | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 11 | Togo | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 12 | Dominican Republic | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 13 | Angola | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 14 | Ecuador | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 15 | Argentina | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 16 | Chad | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 17 | El Salvador | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 18 | Gabon | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 19 | Sierra Leone | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 20 | Ghana | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 21 | Gambia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 22 | Guinea | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 23 | Equatorial Guinea | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 24 | Guatemala | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 25 | Zambia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 26 | Guyana | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 27 | Honduras | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 28 | South Sudan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 29 | Indonesia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 30 | Iran | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 31 | Sudan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 32 | Kenya | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 33 | Seychelles | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 34 | Rwanda | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 35 | Comoros | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 36 | Paraguay | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 37 | South Korea | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 38 | Palau | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 39 | Kazakhstan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 40 | Philippines | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 41 | Peru | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 42 | Liberia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 43 | Nicaragua | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 44 | Nigeria | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 45 | Mexico | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 46 | Malawi | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 47 | Afghanistan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 48 | Maldives | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 49 | Venezuela | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 50 | Burundi | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 51 | Benin | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 52 | Uzbekistan | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 53 | Bolivia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 54 | Brazil | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 55 | Uruguay | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 56 | United States | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 57 | Uganda | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 58 | Belarus | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 59 | Tanzania | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 60 | Zimbabwe | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 61 | Central African Republic | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 62 | Turkey | Republic | Executive | Presidency is independent of legislature | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature. | 2019 | |
| 63 | Nepal | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 64 | Latvia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 65 | Czech Republic | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 66 | Germany | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 67 | Pakistan | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 68 | Moldova | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 69 | Montenegro | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 70 | Bangladesh | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 71 | Republic of Macedonia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 72 | Vanuatu | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 73 | Kyrgyzstan | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 74 | Dominica | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 75 | Bulgaria | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 76 | Malta | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 77 | Mauritius | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 78 | Croatia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 79 | Lebanon | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 80 | Hungary | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 81 | Estonia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 82 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 83 | Republic of Ireland | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 84 | Israel | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 85 | Ethiopia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 86 | Finland | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 87 | Fiji | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 88 | Somalia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 89 | Austria | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 90 | Trinidad and Tobago | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 91 | India | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 92 | Iraq | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 93 | Albania | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 94 | Slovakia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 95 | Georgia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 96 | Samoa | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 97 | Iceland | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 98 | Italy | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 99 | Slovenia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 100 | Greece | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 101 | Singapore | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 102 | Armenia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 103 | Serbia | Republic | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 104 | Palestinian Territory, Occupied | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 105 | Azerbaijan | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 106 | Burkina Faso | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 107 | Democratic Republic Of Congo | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 108 | Republic of the Congo | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 109 | Cape Verde | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 110 | Algeria | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 111 | Egypt | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 112 | France | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 113 | Guinea-Bissau | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 114 | Haiti | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 115 | Sri Lanka | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 116 | Lithuania | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 117 | Madagascar | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 118 | Mali | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 119 | Mongolia | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 120 | Mauritania | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 121 | Mozambique | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 122 | Namibia | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 123 | Niger | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 124 | Poland | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 125 | Portugal | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 126 | Romania | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 127 | Russia | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 128 | Senegal | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 129 | São Tomé and Príncipe | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 130 | Syria | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 131 | East Timor | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 132 | Tunisia | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 133 | Ukraine | Republic | Executive | Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 134 | Andorra | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 135 | New Zealand | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 136 | Australia | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 137 | Papua New Guinea | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 138 | Saint Lucia | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 139 | Antigua and Barbuda | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 140 | Spain | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 141 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 142 | Malaysia | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 143 | Denmark | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 144 | The Bahamas | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 145 | Belgium | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 146 | Canada | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 147 | Tuvalu | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 148 | Belize | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 149 | Barbados | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 150 | Luxembourg | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 151 | Norway | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 152 | Netherlands | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 153 | Saint Kitts And Nevis | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 154 | Lesotho | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 155 | Solomon Islands | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 156 | Cambodia | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 157 | Japan | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 158 | Sweden | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 159 | Jamaica | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 160 | Grenada | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 161 | United Kingdom | Constitutional monarchy | Ceremonial | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Ceremonial, Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 162 | Tonga | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 163 | Bhutan | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 164 | Bahrain | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 165 | Jordan | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 166 | Liechtenstein | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 167 | Morocco | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 168 | Kuwait | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 169 | Thailand | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 170 | Monaco | Constitutional monarchy | Executive | Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions | Constitutional form: Constitutional monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions. | 2019 | |
| 171 | San Marino | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 172 | South Africa | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 173 | Kiribati | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 174 | Federated States of Micronesia | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 175 | Suriname | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 176 | Marshall Islands | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 177 | Switzerland | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 178 | Botswana | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 179 | Myanmar | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 180 | Nauru | Republic | Executive | Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence. | 2019 | |
| 181 | Brunei | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 182 | Saudi Arabia | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 183 | United Arab Emirates | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 184 | Qatar | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 185 | Swaziland | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 186 | Vatican City State | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 187 | Oman | Absolute monarchy | Executive | All authority vested in absolute monarch | Constitutional form: Absolute monarchy, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: All authority vested in absolute monarch. | 2019 | |
| 188 | Vietnam | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 189 | Laos | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 190 | Eritrea | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 191 | Cuba | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 192 | North Korea | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 193 | China | Republic | Executive | Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement [1] | Constitutional form: Republic, Head of state: Executive, Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement. | 2019 | |
| 194 | Libya | n/a | n/a | No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime | Constitutional form: n/a, Head of state: n/a, Basis of executive legitimacy: No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime. | 2019 | |
| 195 | Yemen | n/a | n/a | No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime | Constitutional form: n/a, Head of state: n/a, Basis of executive legitimacy: No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime. | 2019 |